The date the President signed it.
Presidential record · From the National Archives records of later actions
Executive Order 11978
Relating to trade and other transactions involving Southern Rhodesia
Signed by James Earl Carter Jr. on March 18, 1977.
Later revoked or supersededThe Federal Register edition of the order.
This is the later action on file. It is not a broad legal conclusion.
Primary evidence
The official record
Open the government publication or archive entry we used for this file.
Cite this record
- Reference number
eo-11978- Permanent link
- https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978
- Official source
- National Archives ↗
- Last checked
- Executive-order archive last refreshed from the Federal Register and National Archives
AP style
Power & Politics, "Executive Order 11978: Relating to trade and other transactions involving Southern Rhodesia," last checked Oct. 28, 2026, citing National Archives, https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978
APA
Power & Politics. (2026, October 28). Executive Order 11978: Relating to trade and other transactions involving Southern Rhodesia [Executive order record]. Retrieved October 28, 2026, from https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978
Chicago
Power & Politics. "Executive Order 11978: Relating to trade and other transactions involving Southern Rhodesia." Last modified October 28, 2026. Accessed October 28, 2026. https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978.
BibTeX
@misc{votefiles_eo_11978,
author = {{Power & Politics}},
title = {{Executive Order 11978: Relating to trade and other transactions involving Southern Rhodesia}},
year = {2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978}},
note = {Reference number eo-11978; official source: National Archives, https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/executive-orders/1977-carter.html; last checked October 28, 2026; accessed October 28, 2026}
}Plain link
https://powerandpolitics.co/cite/eo-11978
Cite the official source for the underlying fact. Power & Politics reference number never changes for this record. AP, APA and Chicago are standard citation styles for news and academic writing, and BibTeX is the format reference-manager programs read.
The order itself
As signed
The complete text of the order.
Later record
What happened to this order
These notes list later amendments, revocations, replacing orders, or other Federal Register action.
The National Archives records of later actions cover January 8, 1937 to January 19, 2017.