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Independent · nonpartisan
Illustrative empty legislative chamber as neutral vote indicators resolve a recorded outcome
Senate recorded vote (95th Congress) · March 13, 1978

Recorded vote

TO AMEND THE NEUTRALITY TREATY BY PROVIDING THAT WARSHIPS AND AUXILIARY VESSELS OF THE UNITED STATES AND PANAMA SHALL HAVE THE RIGHT TO TRANSIT THE CANAL WITHOUT DELAY DURING EMERGENCIES.

AmendmentDefense & war
01
The question

The exact motion or nomination the chamber put to a vote.

02
The tally

The official yea, nay, present, and not-voting totals.

03
The people

Every member's recorded position linked directly to their file.

The official record
  • This vote predates the chambers' digital roll-call records (Senate begins 1989, House 1990). It is reproduced from the official Journals of Congress as compiled by Voteview (UCLA).
The tally

How the vote fell · we worked out this outcome from the vote counts (see sources)

The map

How each state's senators voted

In 46 states every senator on the roll voted yes; in 0 every one voted no; 4 were split. Each square is a state, placed roughly where it sits on the map. Select a state to see how each of its senators voted.

  • All yes
  • All no
  • Split
  • No yes or no vote
  1. Alaska: 1 yes, 1 no
  2. Maine: 2 yes, 0 no
  3. Vermont: 2 yes, 0 no
  4. New Hampshire: 2 yes, 0 no
  5. Washington: 2 yes, 0 no
  6. Idaho: 2 yes, 0 no
  7. Montana: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  8. North Dakota: 2 yes, 0 no
  9. Minnesota: 2 yes, 0 no
  10. Illinois: 2 yes, 0 no
  11. Wisconsin: 2 yes, 0 no
  12. Michigan: 1 yes, 1 no
  13. New York: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  14. Rhode Island: 2 yes, 0 no
  15. Massachusetts: 2 yes, 0 no
  16. Oregon: 2 yes, 0 no
  17. Nevada: 2 yes, 0 no
  18. Wyoming: 2 yes, 0 no
  19. South Dakota: 2 yes, 0 no
  20. Iowa: 2 yes, 0 no
  21. Indiana: 2 yes, 0 no
  22. Ohio: 2 yes, 0 no
  23. Pennsylvania: 2 yes, 0 no
  24. New Jersey: 2 yes, 0 no
  25. Connecticut: 2 yes, 0 no
  26. California: 2 yes, 0 no
  27. Utah: 2 yes, 0 no
  28. Colorado: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  29. Nebraska: 1 yes, 1 no
  30. Missouri: 2 yes, 0 no
  31. Kentucky: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  32. West Virginia: 2 yes, 0 no
  33. Virginia: 1 yes, 1 no
  34. Maryland: 2 yes, 0 no
  35. Delaware: 2 yes, 0 no
  36. Arizona: 2 yes, 0 no
  37. New Mexico: 2 yes, 0 no
  38. Kansas: 2 yes, 0 no
  39. Arkansas: 2 yes, 0 no
  40. Tennessee: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  41. North Carolina: 2 yes, 0 no
  42. South Carolina: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  43. District of Columbia: no member on this roll call
  44. Oklahoma: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  45. Louisiana: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  46. Mississippi: 2 yes, 0 no
  47. Alabama: 2 yes, 0 no
  48. Georgia: 2 yes, 0 no
  49. Hawaii: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  50. Texas: 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no
  51. Florida: 2 yes, 0 no

Numbers are yes–no. Members who did not vote, voted present, or were paired are counted in each state's list below.

Arkansas 2 yes, 0 no

Colorado 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Hawaii 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Kentucky 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Louisiana 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Montana 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

North Carolina 2 yes, 0 no

New York 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Oklahoma 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

South Carolina 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Tennessee 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

Texas 1 yes, 0 no, 1 did not vote yes or no

West Virginia 2 yes, 0 no

Official records

Every vote, by name — 101 members

Select any member to pull their file.